My Teaching Ideas and Theory Applications - 2728 Words

I believe every child can succeed in mathematics, and it is my role to unlock this potential. I aim to teach in ways that help children develop cooperation, assertion and responsibility, as well as a good understanding of subject matter. I believe this can be achieved by creating a culture in the classroom that is built gradually on trust, with a common language, through rules that we create together, and by practicing procedures until they become nearly automatic. I aim to use the resources, materials, and curriculum requirements I have to work with, to engage my students in meaningful learning. I believe that children want to learn, and that it is motivating for pupils when they and their teacher’s are enthusiastic about learning, too. It is my aim to adopt a social constructivist approach as a teacher. This will mean encouraging collaboration and work with other people; building on what children already know; scaffolding lessons to develop learning; improving mathematical language through communication; allowing children to experiment and explore new concepts for themselves. Yackel et. al. (1990) claim learning occurs not as students take in mathematical knowledge in ready-made pieces but as they build up mathematical meaning on the basis of their experience in the classroom. Social constructivism with a focus on talk in my curriculum area Social Constructivism defines teachers as educational facilitators who deliver a framework in which children can develop theirShow MoreRelatedLearning Theories Of Learning And Teaching Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesLearning Model and Theories in Practice Sheila Morgan Richard R. Wiley School of Education At Walden University Abstract Education has long been the center of reform with new ideas about learning and teaching. Educators are regularly introduced to new teaching strategies, curricula and rigorous standards in an effort to provide effective instruction to students. However, the pursuit of proficiency in mathematics and reading through the use of research-based methods requires an understanding ofRead MoreReflective Assessment On Learning Theory Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pages Reflective Assessment Paper on Learning Theory Week 1 Assignment Brittany Lavender Arkansas State University Theories of Instruction â€Æ' Reflective Assessment on Learning Theory Learning Theory It is the duty of the educator to prepare students to live lives of quality and purpose. Intellectually, a life of quality involves being reasonable, adept, and thoughtful, and enables people to be good citizens of their community. Skills that will prepare students to live such a life include the abilityRead MoreBecoming A Registered Nurse As A Nurse881 Words   |  4 Pagescritical care ambulance transport and teaching. My humble beginnings as a Licensed Vocational Nurse made a good foundation into becoming a Registered Nurse (RN). My RN profession became a reality when I finished my Bachelors Degree in Nursing two decades ago. I now work for Kaiser Permanente in a management position, pediatric clinical instructor and teach didactics part time for BSN students. My teaching role came in as an accident when the school that I am teaching now needed a clinician with experienceRead MoreMotivation And The Motivation Of The Learning Process1130 Words   |  5 Pagesthe students in my cl ass are motivated by passion instead of routine. Thus I motivate students by showing them varieties of engineering applications in different fields such as renewable energy, construction machines, automotive, aerospace, robotics and manufacturing. Instead of giving an inane introduction, I embed my research topics in the lectures so students can get an idea of how the technology is applied to the real world. I intend to soften the boundary between teaching and research soRead MoreAn Effective Education : A Personal Reflection978 Words   |  4 Pageslast six weeks’ to my learning experience and reflect on my own educational experience. To be specific, I would like to engage with Whitehead and his theory of â€Å"inert ideas† and explore the possibility of making students more interested in the learning process. According to Whitehead, â€Å"inert ideas† are â€Å"ideas that are merely received into the mind without being utilised, or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations† (Whitehead, 1967, p.1). This theory of the â€Å"inert ideas† is fascinatingRead MoreRelationship Between Learning Styles And Academic / Workplace Environment Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pagesstudent prefers. The learning styles theories/models that we will discuss about in this report are the Neil Fleming’s Visual-Auditory-Read/Write-Kinesthetic model and David Kolb’s Experiential Learning model. a. Visual-Auditory-Read/Write-Kinesthetic model: This model was developed by Neil Fleming to assess students’ learning styles based on senses and perceptions (Introduction to VARK, 2014). It was extended from an earlier theory called â€Å"neuro-linguistic theory† by Richard Bandler and John GrinderRead MoreTo What Extent Do Modern Versions of Virtue Ethics Address the Weaknesses of Aristotle’s Teachings on Virtue?1047 Words   |  5 PagesTo what extent do modern versions of Virtue Ethics address the weaknesses of Aristotle’s teachings on virtue? Aristotle’s idea of Virtue Ethics was influenced by his belief that all things and all humans have a purpose (a telos). For him a complete explanation of something has to include its final cause or purpose which essentially is to realise its potential. Virtue Ethics itself is concerned with the characteristics of a person rather than how a person behaves and it is this he outlined in hisRead Morefs2 episode1 130322235456 phpapp011525 Words   |  7 PagesSchool My Performance Task Exemplary (4) Superior (3) Satisfactory (2) Unsatisfactory (1) Observation/ Documentation: All tasks were done with outstanding quality; work exceeds expectations All or nearly all tasks were done with high quality Nearly all tasks were done with acceptable quality Fewer than half of tasks were done; or most objectives met but with poor quality My Analysis Analysis questions were answered completely; in depth answers; thoroughly grounded on theories/exemplaryRead MoreTeaching And Learning Theoretical Framework Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pageswill learn from teaching my students. I will develop a more in depth understand and possibly a view from a different perspective. My philosophy of teaching is written from the perspective of a graduate school student. I have not yet begun my career in academia. I expect my philosophy to develop over the years and change with experience. I pray it does because if it does not, something is terribly wrong. Teaching/Learning Theoretical Framework The Theoretical framework that guide my educational philosophyRead MoreMath 213 Reflective Paper839 Words   |  4 Pagesmathematical concepts addressed in the class ranging from problem solving, numeration systems and sets, whole numbers and their operations, to algebraic thinking, integers and number theory, rational numbers as fractions, decimals and real numbers, and proportional reasoning, percents, and applications. This class enhanced my understanding of math in general, as well as enabled me to explore strategies on how to best present mathematical concepts in an elementary classroom setting. Since children learn

Protest For The National Anthem Of The United States

Emily Petrochuk Professor Psenicka English 102 31 October 2016 Protests to the National Anthem of the United States A famous sports figure in history once said, â€Å"I cannot stand and sing the anthem. I cannot salute the flag. I know that I am a black man in a white world† (McKirdy). At first glance, this quote seems to be something that would have been said by the San Francisco 49ers Quarterback, Colin Kaepernick, in light of his recent protests, as well as other sports players who decided to follow suit, to the playing of the national anthem before football games. However, this is not the case. The above quote was written in the 1972 autobiography, I Never Had it Made, written by Jackie Robinson, an African American Baseball player (McKirdy). Colin Kaepernick obviously felt the same as Jackie Robinson did when he sat on the bench rather than standing during a rendition of the national anthem before a preseason game against the Green Bay Packers on August 26. During an interview with the media following the game, Kaepernick exp lained why he refused to stand for the anthem, â€Å"‘I am not going to stand up to show pride in a flag for a country that oppresses black people and people of color. To me, this is bigger than football and it would be selfish on my part to look the other way. There are bodies in the street and people getting paid leave and getting away with murder’† (Wyche). Kaepernick explains that he refused to stand for the national anthem because of theShow MoreRelatedI Never Had It Made Written By Legendary African American Major League Baseball Player1457 Words   |  6 Pagesfamous sports figure in history once said, â€Å"I cannot stand and sing the anthem. I cannot salute the flag. I know that I am a black man in a white world† (McKirdy). At first glance, this quote seems to be something that would have been said by the San Francisco 49ers Quarterback, Colin Kaepernick, in light of his recent protests, as well as other sports players who decided to follow suit, to the playing of the national anthem before football games. However, this is not the case. The above quoteRead MoreArgumentative Essay About Anthem837 Words   |  4 PagesMost everyone knows that that excerpt was from The United States of Americas’ national anthem, The Star Spangled Banner. By now you should know about the escalating argument between the football players standing (or not standing) during the playing of the anthem. I feel that players should stand during the national anthem. I believe that; one it is a clear sign of respect, two it’s not some grand gesture/effort and its an ineffective way to protest, and finally it has created controversy and has angeredRead MorePersuasive Essay On The Kneeling Movement1437 Words   |  6 PagesStar-Spangled Banner has been instilled in almost every citizen in America as the National Anthem. It is ingrained that every person should show respect to the flag and the nation. In almost every classroom, students are told to stand facing the American flag with a hand over their heart and recite the pledge, or during any sporting, event fans are asked to stand to face the flag as a guest performer sings the National Anthem. This is an American tradition that everyone is expected to follow. However,Read MoreAnnotated Bibliography Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Should you be able to kneel during the national anthem as a NFL player? ANNA, W; ROGER, G; MALCOLM, J. The league`s commissioner says he wants players to stand during the national anthem. CBS This Morning. Retrieved. 6 Dec 2017. â€Å"The national anthem is an important part of our game and there are only.† â€Å"We spent talking about the issues players are trying to bring attention to, issues in our communities, to make our communities betterRead MoreThe Protest Of The Francisco 49ers Quarterback Colin Kaepernick1427 Words   |  6 PagesWhen you think of protests what do you think of? Most of the protests that people see on television are a group of people marching in the streets. These protests can either be peaceful or harmful. San Francisco 49ers’ quarterback Colin Kaepernick took a different approach. His protest was not in the streets, it was on the football field. He kneels during the national anthem before games. Everyone has their own thoughts on his protest, some agree, some do not agree with his protest. Colin Kaepernick’sRead MoreThe Importance Of Social Issues In Sports843 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2016, the sports world went into a frenzy, when social issues were ackno wledged more by the athletes and the world. For instance, Colin Kaepernick had started kneeling during the national anthem before games would start, and influenced more players to join the protest. Players of the National Football League (NFL) and other athletes outside of the NFL had started expressing themselves through their cleats, or reaching out to help social issues. For people to understand the reasoning of the socialRead MoreThe National Anthem By Colin Kaepernick1264 Words   |  6 PagesColin Kaepernick, a quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers, has created much controversy in the nation over his latest protest. During a preseason football game Kaepernick was photographed sitting during the national anthem (McKirdy). When asked about the action later, Kaepernick explained, â€Å"I am not going to stand up to show pride in a flag for a country that oppresses black people and people of color,† (Wyche). The nation exploded. Many showed their support for the quarterb ack, expressing prideRead MoreStanding As A Protest Against The Sustainment Of The NFL905 Words   |  4 Pagesweeks, players of the National Football League, or the NFL, have been kneeling as a protest against any oppression against African Americans. A huge controversy developed around this topic as it snowballed out of control. Taking a knee during the sustainment of the National Anthem is disrespectful to those who have died protecting this country. A fuss is caused because players are kneeling during the National Anthem, which is representation of the freedom the United States citizens possess andRead MoreEssay On Current Event898 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of a Current Event The debate over rather or not NFL players should be allowed to kneel during the National Anthem has been a very heated topic in our country for the past year and a half. In my opinion it is very disrespectful for any player, in any venue to exhibit such conduct during any sporting event! It is sheer disrespect for our flag which represents the fighting men and women who have died for this great country. Not to mention the fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters, sons andRead MoreRhetorical Analysis For Anthem1094 Words   |  5 Pagesthis article (Refusing to Stand for the National Anthem) argues both the pros and cons about kneeling for the national anthem. This author supports there argument by comparing the pros and cons of the issue.This writer uses logos,ethos and a professional tone to help convey his argument about why some people support athletes kneeling and why others oppose athletes kneeling during the National Anthem. In the article â€Å"Refusing to Stand for the National Anthem†the writer uses logos to express that its

Bicycle Braking Systems Free Essays

Bicycle Braking Systems Year 11 Engineering Studies Merewether High School Nathan Dunshea 29/06/2012 Abstract: In this report a comparison of three Braking systems; Calliper, Drum and Disc will be made on a variety of areas including – * * Effectiveness * Performance * Features * Materials * Frictional Components * Difference from comparable car systems An Orthogonal and Pictorial drawing will also be provided on a selected section of one of the braking systems being compared. Introduction: Bicycle Braking systems are a means of which we are able to halt the movement of a bicycle through the expulsion of kinetic energy. The Kinetic potential energy that is present in a moving bicycle is converted in to 3 different forms of energy; heat, sound and light. We will write a custom essay sample on Bicycle Braking Systems or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is done through the resistance of a wheel to move when a brake applies a frictional force against the spinning movement of a wheel. Three different types of brakes are generally used on bicycles today; the Calliper, Drum and Disk systems. These three popular braking systems have their own unique set of advantages and disadvantages that persuade the population to purchase them. 2: Calliper Brake Diagram : Calliper Brake Diagram 3: Disc Brake Diagram 3: Disc Brake Diagram 4: Drum Brake Diagram 4: Drum Brake Diagram Procedure: I used the Internet to research pictures, articles and suppliers of Braking systems in order to access the appropriate information needed for this report. Results: Effectiveness, Performance, Features Comparison Effectiveness: 10: Cross-Section of a bicycle drum brake 10: Cross-Section of a bicycle drum brake The effectiveness of these Braking systems will be a measure of their ability to perform over a period of time. It is necessary for these brakes not to only perform well once, but over many instances, including moments of hard excessive braking. In today’s modern bicycle, many things will affect the braking systems ability to be effective. The weather, wear and tear over many uses, as well as the type of braking taking place can all have adverse effects on brakes. Drum brakes are not the most popular style of brake for a bicycle. This could be accredited to their effectiveness over time compared to both calliper brakes and disc brakes. Drum Brakes are typically very heavy, complicated to perform maintenance on and are often subject to brake fading. Break fading can be defined as the loss of braking force able to be exerted by the braking system at any point, and this often happens due to overheating as a result of consistent hard braking. Drum brakes are unable to dissipate heat anywhere near as efficiently as disc brakes as the frictional forces that turn kinetic energy into heat are all enclosed within the drum itself, which is often housed at the hub of the wheel. In fact, many companies have been forced to put warning labels on their hubs to make sure children aren’t unaware of the heat generated, and subsequently burn themselves. This makes them particularly susceptible to brake fading, something that both disk and calliper brakes don’t have a great problem with. In adverse weather conditions, the drum brake can show of its unique asset both the disc and calliper brake does not have. The Drum brake is fully enclosed, and therefore is not affected by rain, mud and other substances that may impede the frictional force exerted on the wheel. 12: Disc brake to be fitted to a Mountain Bike 12: Disc brake to be fitted to a Mountain Bike Disc Brakes are very popular on Mountain Bikes, which require thick wheels and are often subject to muddy terrain. Because the disc brake is mounted to the hub, a certain clearance from the ground is maintained at all times, generally keeping mud from obstructing the pads and disc. If water is to get stuck under a disc brake’s pad, there are generally holes through which it can quickly escape so to not compromise the friction produced in the system. Touring bikes have been known to prefer disc brakes to types of calliper brakes, as the long journeys and significant use of brakes would not wear out the rim as they do using a calliper brakes system. The typical Disc Brake system is a very adaptable structure as it can perform better than Calliper Brakes in the mud, rain and snow as the coefficient of friction isn’t as at risk of contaminants disturbing the system. Disc brakes are also less prone to brake fading when subject to long periods of braking pressure, as they are very good at cooling down compared to drum and calliper brakes. A disk brake is also less likely to cause a popped tyre, with the heat not being dissipated directly into the tyre as in calliper brakes. 14: Shimano Bicycle Caliper Brake 14: Shimano Bicycle Caliper Brake Calliper Brakes are generally the most common of the braking system for the everyday bicycle. Excluding the original design quality of the equipment and materials, calliper brakes are often affected mostly by the moisture that is on the rim, as that will significantly hinder the ability to stop. Tyre thickness can also pose a problem to the calliper braking system, as the arms will be under greater flexion, thus lessening brake effectiveness. However, the Calliper brake system is effective on the average road bike and is the simplest and easiest to perform maintenance on of all three designs. This system also has a very big ‘mechanical advantage’, meaning very little effort has to be put in by the rider in order to properly apply the brakes. Calliper brakes are also by far the lightest and least expensive, making them popular among non-competitive riders, with most road bikes still come fitted with this system. Performance: The performance of a braking system is based on the raw stopping power and ability for one single use. This comparison will be based purely on stopping power and performance, disregarding things such as; * Weight of system * Weather/Terrain Brake Fading * Heat Dissipation The Disc Brake is said to have the greatest stopping power, and therefore provides least stopping distance, of all three systems. This means they are often fitted to competitive riders bikes, because they are often going a higher speed and therefore need the greater stopping power that the disc brake provides compared to that of the drum and calliper braking system. In a report By Guy Kesteven for UK organisation ‘What Mountain Bike’, a variety of disc brakes were tested from many different manufacturers to test the power of each system. The test was performed as follows: â€Å"All the brakes were tested with a 180mm rotor and a 50Nm force on the lever (1N is the amount of force required to accelerate 1kg at 1m/s2), with the stock pads. To fully bed in the rotors and pads, the brakes were given 60 one-second pulls at 15km/h, followed by 30 two-second pulls at 20km/h. After a 30-second cooling-down period, the testing began. With the wheel spinning at 30km/h, each brake was applied for three seconds and then left to recover for 10 seconds. This cycle was repeated 15 times. The results were then averaged out to provide a single power rating. – Guy Kesteven; What Mountain Bike. After the test had been completed, the Formula R0 disc braking system had the greatest power of all 33 parts tested. It was found to have a power of 124 Nm when stopping, which is equal to 12. 645 kilogram-force meters. Calliper Brakes have one of the best designs in terms of their Mechanical Advantage. Very little effort has to be put in by the user to have the brakes perform as well as possible. Disc Brakes have an overall stopping power advantage over the general calliper brake, however some versions of the calliper brake have a greater stopping power than the drum brake design. With the huge variety of designs in the field of Calliper Brakes, stopping power can range from quite poor to very high. An example of this stopping power is the test carried out by Matt Pacocha in the June 2009 edition of Velonews. A group of Bicycle Calliper brakes were to be tested to measure their stopping power: â€Å"This test was performed on a flat, windless road. For each brake, the rider accelerated to 40km/hr then grabbed the brakes — hard — on a pre-determined mark and recorded stopping distance. This test was performed 10 times for each brake, and the stopping distances were averaged. † – Matt Pacocha; Velonews. At the end of the test, the Shimano 7900 dual pivot calliper brake was found to have the greatest braking force, with the shortest stopping distance of 7. 18 metres. It was also found that the average deceleration of the bicycle was 8. 59 m/s2, whilst the greatest deceleration was recorded at 10. 35 m/s2 (Over 1 G-force). Drum Brakes are less powerful than the disc brake, and therefore have a greater stopping distance in normal, controlled conditions. Compared to Calliper brakes it is not clear-cut which has a better stopping distance, as there are many different versions of each type of brake to choose from. However, it is said that the modern drum brake is able to provide a much smoother, more reliable deceleration than the majority of calliper brake systems. Features: Each of these braking systems have their own features which help to enhance the ability to stop the movement of a bicycle. Whilst some of these advantages are purely performance based, others may have features that are cost-effective or maintenance friendly. One of the most important features in the success of the disc brake is its ability to dissipate the heat generated from the frictional forces. Disc brakes are out in the open air with a large surface area, meaning the cooling process happens more quickly and efficiently. Another important, yet perhaps underestimated feature of the disc brake is it’s positioning. Disc brakes are well away from the tyres and ground, thus creating distance between the braking system and mud, dirt and other potential environmental interferences. Drum brakes however, are certainly the best in resisting those environmental factors. As the braking mechanism itself is housed within a shell of sorts, no amount of weather can have an adverse effect on the ability of the drum brake to perform its task. Once installed, drum brake system is also very low maintenance, and often doesn’t have to be managed again until a new wheel is needed. Despite this, Drum Brakes can be a hassle if maintenance must occur, as they can be difficult to access because of the shell it is housed in. Calliper Brakes are generally the cheapest of the three designs available. As they are often mounted to the bicycle at one single point, accessing the brake pads and cables is made much easier than the other systems. Another feature that is useful on the majority of road bikes with calliper brake systems is the quick release mechanism. This feature is designed as to loosen the brake system enough so the wheel can be removed without having to mess around with loosening brake cables as well. Materials used for construction and frictional components Brake Pads are perhaps the most important part of both the Disc and Calliper braking systems. The brake pad is generally made from a product that possesses a moderately high coefficient of friction, but also depends on the materials ability to absorb and dissipate the heat produced in the process of braking. If these criteria can be met without having a negative impact on overall braking performance, an appropriate material has been found. In years gone by, an asbestos based compound was the most common material from which brake pads would be made, however because of the toxic nature of asbestos that practise no longer allowed. The modern bicycle Brake Pad is enerally made from rubber compound. The rims on bicycles directly affect the performance of the Calliper braking Systems. Some bike rims today are made from an aluminium alloy, which provide a coefficient of friction when in contact with the rubber composite of the brake pads of approximately 0. 4. Other materials, such as various Carbon steels, have recently become more popular as they are light and aerodynamic. However , they do not provide a very good frictional force between the everyday brake pad, and so other materials are often preferred by the everyday cyclist. Calliper brake systems also have brake cables that transfer the motion actuated by the rider from the brake lever to the braking system itself. These brake cables are made from thin wire steel that has been braided together to improve its tensile strength and ability to perform. The Disc in the Disk brake system is an integral part of the bicycles stopping power. The Brake pad (rubber composite) must have a high enough coefficient of friction when applied to the disc to halt movement with damaging the surface. To provide this, the disc is made from metal, with stainless steel being popular among mountain bikes. A brake drum has an outer shell in which the braking system itself is contained. This outer shell is subject to weathering from the outside and heat from within. With this in mid, cast-iron is generally the material chosen as it can cope with these two burdens other materials could falter under. The shoes of the Drum brake are the parts that push outwards to produce the frictional forces needed in the brake design. These brake shoes are generally made when two pieces of sheet steel are welded together. After they are welded together, the frictional material known as brake lining is connected on to the sheet steel with either adhesive resin or other means such as a rivet. It is also important to remember that the rubber composite of bicycle tyres also has frictional forces acting from the material it is rolling on. For instance, if a cyclist was riding along a concrete surface, the coefficient of friction would be 0. 8, much higher than that of rubber or brake lining to metal (0. ). Thankfully, the relatively light weight of the human body – compared to the force exerted by our mechanical braking systems – allows us to still move along these surfaces. (FF = ? RN) How they differ from comparable car systems On most bicycles, the braking systems installed will often be very simplistic and just there to do the job. Most will have the same type of brake on both front and back wheel, wi th the braking of the bike mostly relying on human action with levers and cables, as well as the mechanical advantage some of these designs provide. However, when upgrading these systems to work on a much heavier vehicle such as a car, many things can change. It is not uncommon to have different types of brakes on the front and back set of wheels, and hydraulics become a very important part of stopping your car. In today’s modern designs, at least one set Disk Brakes are fitted to almost every car on the road. Disk Brakes are the most effective type of braking system that we could fit to our cars, however, it is still common for the front brakes to be disk, but the rear to be drum brakes. Drum brakes can be used as the parking brake, and by fitting them to the rear of the car, companies can save money by not having to install another braking system. The Disc Brake in a car is obviously in a much larger scale than that of a bicycle. Despite this, the two systems are very similar in the basic design concept. Strength of this part however, must be much greater when installed in an Automobile. Winnard Sons Ltd, a company based in the UK that deals with commercial vehicle braking components, has a guideline to the tensile strength on the brake contact surfaces of their products. Guideline tensile strength on test pieces machined from brake drum/disc contact faces: – 241 N/mm2 European Requirement minimum – 35,000 psi Amercian Requirement minimum† – Winnard Sons Ltd: Brake Disc and Brake Drum Material Specification The materials used in the brake pads of both the disk and calliper brakes are different when they are made for cars. When halting th e momentum of a car, the brake pad is put under a much greater force than when stopping a bicycle. This is due to a number of things, including the speed at which the car is travelling and the mass of the vehicle, both of which are generally higher in cars. The metals used are usually steel, copper or brass fibres, as well as a mixture of many different composites including – graphite, iron oxide, glass fibres, phosphate and rubber – that are bonded together with a resin of phenol formaldehyde. The metals that are added help to increase life span by improving the ability of the compound to dissipate heat at high speeds. The complexity of all three designs is greatly heightened when moving from bicycle to motor vehicle. One aspect of Motor Vehicle braking that creates extra pressure is the hydraulic action of the brakes. Hydraulics rely on brake fluid, typically containing ethylene glycol, to transfer pressure from the controlling unit to the brake mechanism. In a motor vehicle, drum brakes often serve a specific purpose that they would be useless for when installed on a bicycle – the park brake. As I stated earlier, these Drum brakes are fitted to the rear wheels and can save companies significant amounts of money by not having to install a completely separate parking brake. As this asset of an emergency brake is vital to a larger system, not only are they more common in cars, but they must also be bigger and exert a greater force. These three types of braking systems hold the same principles when applied to a greater size vehicle in a motor car, however many things must change to accommodate these increased forces. Conclusion: Each of these three braking systems are often used by a specific type of bicycle with a specific need. An example of this is Disc brakes being preferred by those who ride either Mountain or Touring bikes. As shown by the two field tests referenced in this report, completed by Velonews and What Mountain Bike, both Calliper brakes and disc brakes both have a very big potential to have immense stopping power. But to have that stopping power, the proper materials with appropriate frictional forces would have had to been in place. At the absolute top of the line models, every little detail is considered, i. e. : * * Weight * Frictional Forces * Materials * Angle * Type of System It was also discovered that as we transition from bicycle to car braking systems, many things must be altered. Although the basic engineering principles are often the same, there are many variables that are altered to improve to braking systems to cope with the extra forces exerted by a motor vehicle. For example, the change in materials of brake pads to accommodate the much more intense levels of heat being produced when heavy braking is taking place. I believe this report reveals that the braking system you own can make a big difference on effectiveness and performance. The features, materials used and frictional forces in play can all be positive or negative depending on the type of riding taking place. Recommendations: I recommend selecting one of these three types of braking systems based on what their use in the long run will be. If you plan to use the bike for competitive purposes when increased stopping power is necessary, I would suggest purchasing a Disc brake system. However, if the bike is simply for leisure, perhaps the more cost effective Calliper Brake system would better suit. If you are planning to ride in muddy areas where the possibility of substances interfering with the frictional forces throughout the braking system, the fully enclosed drum brake system could be the appropriate option. However, if you wish to simply have the greatest overall stopping power, I would recommend a Disk Brake system be installed. The most mportant thing to remember is that every situation is unique, and to do research in order to attain the correct brake for your needs. Bibliography: * http://www. edmunds. com/car-technology/brakes-drum-vs-disc. html * http://www. bikewebsite. com/bicycle-bra. htm * http://www. jaxquickfit. com. au/brakes * http://www. exploratorium. edu/cycling/brakes2. html * http://bikeadvice. i n/drum-brakes/ * http://www. sheldonbrown. com/gloss_dr-z. html#drum * http://www. livestrong. com/article/340500-adjust-bicycles-drum-brakes/ * http://www. skyshop. com. au/LANDING. pdf * http://www. razyguyonabike. com/doc/page/? page_id=8174 * http://sheldonbrown. com/calipers. html * http://www. bicyclestore. com. au/parts/brakes/calliper-brakes. html * http://www. 123helpme. com/view. asp? id=57299 * http://www. bike-riding-guide. com/bicycle-brakes. html * http://eecycleworks. com/VNJune%20BrakeTest. pdf * http://auto. howstuffworks. com/auto-parts/brakes/brake-parts/brake-calipers2. htm * http://urbanvelo. org/torker-graduate-commuter-bike-review/ * http://www. cycle-systems-academy. co. uk/index. php/topics/brakes/brakes-theory/mechanics-of-brakes/mechanics-of-the-system? tart=5 * http://www. physicsforums. com/showthread. php? t=158582 * http://www. longjohn. org/bremsen/bremsen_en. html * http://www. abcarticledirectory. com/Article/Bicycle-Brakes-Guide/786406 * http://www . cdxetextbook. com/brakes/brake/disc/brakefrictionmat. html * http://www. bikeforums. net/archive/index. php/t-302000. html * http://www. alibaba. com/showroom/aluminum-bike-rim. html * http://cars. about. com/od/thingsyouneedtoknow/a/discvsdrum. htm * http://www. fezzari. com/support/rb_brakes; * http://bicycletutor. com/sidepull-caliper-brakes/ * http://www. icycling. com/bikes-gear/bikes-and-gear-features/big-squeeze-road-disc-brakes * http://www. unitconversion. org/moment-of-force/newton-meters-to-kilogram-force-meters-conversion. html * http://www. bikeradar. com/mtb/gear/category/components/disc-brake-systems/product/review-formula-ro-12-46051 * http://www. winnard. co. uk/downloads/twcbd1_material_specification_2011. pdf * http://www. autoshop101. com/forms/brake03. pdf * http://www. pbr. com. au/technical/documents/hydraulicbrakesystemsguide. pdf * http://www. tcbbrakesystems. com/hdopenroad-text. html * http://www. sae. rg/events/bce/presentations/2009/okamura. pdf Append ix: Braking Power test – Matt Pacocha, Velonews: June 2009 Braking Power test – Matt Pacocha, Velonews: June 2009 What Mountain Bike UK: Calliper Brake Power Testing ——————————————– [ 1 ]. http://www. edmunds. com/car-technology/brakes-drum-vs-disc. html [ 2 ]. http://www. bikewebsite. com/bicycle-bra. htm [ 3 ]. http://www. jaxquickfit. com. au/brakes [ 4 ]. http://www. jaxquickfit. com. au/brakes [ 5 ]. http://www. exploratorium. edu/cycling/brakes2. html [ 6 ]. http://bikeadvice. in/drum-brakes/ [ 7 ]. http://www. heldonbrown. com/gloss_dr-z. html#drum [ 8 ]. http://www. livestrong. com/article/340500-adjust-bicycles-drum-brakes/ [ 9 ]. http://www. exploratorium. edu/cycling/brakes2. html [ 10 ]. http://sheldonbrown. com/sturmey-archer_3-spd. html [ 11 ]. http://www. skyshop. com. au/LANDING. pdf [ 12 ]. http://www. mountainbikestoday. com/mountain-bike-resources /should-my-mountain-bike-have-disc-brakes; [ 13 ]. http://www. crazyguyonabike. com/doc/page/? page_id=8174 [ 14 ]. http://sheldonbrown. com/calipers. html [ 15 ]. http://www. bicyclestore. com. au/parts/brakes/calliper-brakes. html [ 16 ]. ttp://www. fezzari. com/support/rb_brakes; [ 17 ]. http://www. 123helpme. com/view. asp? id=57299 [ 18 ]. http://www. bike-riding-guide. com/bicycle-brakes. html [ 19 ]. http://www. bikeradar. com/mtb/fitness/article/how-we-test-hydraulic-disc-brakes-24345/ [ 20 ]. http://www. unitconversion. org/moment-of-force/newton-meters-to-kilogram-force-meters-conversion. html [ 21 ]. http://www. cycle-systems-academy. co. uk/index. php/topics/brakes/brakes-theory/mechanics-of-brakes/mechanics-of-the-system? start=5 [ 22 ]. http://eecycleworks. com/VNJune%20BrakeTest. pdf [ 23 ]. http://eecycleworks. om/VNJune%20BrakeTest. pdf [ 24 ]. http://auto. howstuffworks. com/auto-parts/brakes/brake-parts/brake-calipers2. htm [ 25 ]. http://urbanvelo. org/torker-gra duate-commuter-bike-review/ [ 26 ]. http://www. physicsforums. com/showthread. php? t=158582 [ 27 ]. http://www. longjohn. org/bremsen/bremsen_en. html [ 28 ]. http://www. tcbbrakesystems. com/hdopenroad-text. html [ 29 ]. http://www. abcarticledirectory. com/Article/Bicycle-Brakes-Guide/786406 [ 30 ]. http://bicycletutor. com/sidepull-caliper-brakes/ [ 31 ]. http://www. cdxetextbook. com/brakes/brake/disc/brakefrictionmat. html [ 32 ]. ttp://www. alibaba. com/showroom/aluminum-bike-rim. html [ 33 ]. Paul L. Copeland, Engineering Studies – The Definitive guide [ 34 ]. http://www. bicycling. com/bikes-gear/bikes-and-gear-features/big-squeeze-road-disc-brakes [ 35 ]. http://www. bicycling. com/bikes-gear/bikes-and-gear-features/big-squeeze-road-disc-brakes [ 36 ]. http://www. autoshop101. com/forms/brake03. pdf [ 37 ]. Paul L. Copeland, Engineering Studies – The Definitive guide [ 38 ]. Paul L. Copeland, Engineering Studies – The Definitive guide [ 39 ]. http://ca rs. about. com/od/thingsyouneedtoknow/a/discvsdrum. htm [ 40 ]. How to cite Bicycle Braking Systems, Essay examples

The Journey is Worth More than the Message free essay sample

Several pebbles massage the soles of my feet as grains of sand nestle in between my toes. As the sun begins to settle into the ground, the ocean urgently laps at my toes, begging for the release of the glass soda bottle still clutched in my hands. The now unfurled slip of paper in the bottle allows the four words scribbled across it to become partially visible. While the orange haze that previously tinted the world fades to black, the bottle, released from my grasp, soars through the stars, waiting to be cradled by the waves and directed by the current. As the bottle voyages farther into the unknown, I head back home, to wait to face my own unknown future. For months the bottle traverses the never ending waves and eloquently conquers every storm Mother Nature throws at it, all while keeping four words dry. The weeks pass by on land as tests, quizzes, homework and activities invade the hours in my day. We will write a custom essay sample on The Journey is Worth More than the Message or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As winter approaches, blocks of ice bombard the bottle, but the five syllables continue to remain unharmed. Looking out my window, I pause for a moment remembering the bottle, hoping and believing in its success, only to be interrupted by the seemingly endless papers to write and problems to solve. Waves begin to combine creating temporary skyscrapers as the bottle’s odds of surviving plummet, but still it carries on. Stress and the fear of failure invade my mind, but still I carry on. The shore finally becomes visible as the world begins to warm yet again. The long awaited sun greets the bottle as it finally connects with solid ground, nestling in the sand. As seasons change once again, the bottle drifts back into my mind. Doubt begins to envelope me that my message has not been received, disheartening me. For sometimes the simple words of â€Å"I believe in you† are exactly what someone needs to hear. When those around me believed in me through every hard test, every tough cross country race, and any time the possible seemed impossible, it was enough to help me persevere and succeed. With all these thoughts racing through my head, I traveled to the exact beach where I threw my bottle out to sea a year before. While strolling and reminiscing, a foreign object intercepted my path causing me to not only smell but taste the ocean too. Recovering, I planned to give whatever so kindly tripped me a piece of my mind until; the bottle I’d sent out a year ago entered my line of sight. Gingerly, I unscrewed the bottle and slowly unrolled the now yellowed paper. There the words â€Å"I believe in you† still remained in stark contrast to the paper. Stuffing the paper in my pocket, I now knew that even though I enjoy other’s belief in me, what really matters and makes me successful and dedicated is the belief I hold in myself.

Corporate Governance

Repast and Repaste

Repast and Repaste Repast and Repaste Repast and Repaste By Maeve Maddox The old-fashioned word repast, meaning a meal, is still used by modern speakers, but rarely and self-consciously. Its rarity may explain the fact that many writers who do use it don’t know how to spell it. Here are some examples the misspelling of repast found in print and online: And don’t the Bedouin fry locusts in oil for a tasty repaste? we steered our sturdy craft to dock at a charming little riverside sandwich shop for a tasty repaste and a break from the ride. Two wild pigs provided a tasty repaste for about 25 folks enjoying a tasty repaste of four Quaker Chewy Peanut Butter Chocolate Chip granola bars The spelling and pronunciation of the noun repast conform to modern English spelling conventions. The letter a between consonants represents the short vowel sound, /à ¦/ as in past. Adding an e to the end of the word changes the short a to a long a, /eÉ ª/ as in paste. The spelling repaste does exist for two verbs. 1. repaste: verb. paste again. Say you’ve made a collage by pasting flowers and leaves to a piece of cardboard. What do you do if it starts falling apart? You repaste the bits that have fallen off. 2. repaste: verb. replace the thermal glue between the CPU and the heatsink in your computer. I’m on shaky ground here, but I’ll try to explain this one for fellow nongeeks. While cruising the web looking for incorrect spellings of repast, I discovered that computer gamers are concerned about the necessity to â€Å"repaste.† Computers contain something called a heatsink that draws heat away from the CPU (Central Processing Unit). The CPU and the heatsink are separated by a viscous substance called thermal grease or thermal paste that improves the efficiency of the heat sink by filling any tiny gaps that might exist. As I understand it, computer gaming generates a lot of heat and sometimes the thermal paste dries up, becoming less effective. A gamer â€Å"repastes† by opening the computer, scraping off the dried paste and replacing it with fresh. Other terms for the viscous material are thermal gel, thermal compound, heat paste, heat sink paste and heat sink compound. Bottomline: If you’re writing about food, spell it repast. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Because Of" and "Due To" 41 Words That Are Better Than GoodWhen Is a Question Not a Question?

Accounting for Defined-Benefit Schemes under IAS 19, Segmental Research Paper

Accounting for Defined-Benefit Schemes under IAS 19, Segmental Reporting - Research Paper Example There were some recent changes made in IAS 19 during June 2011 by the IASB and it has a significant impact on the accounting procedures to be followed by the entities regarding defined benefit schemes in the form of pension funds. The time was just right for these changes to take place because it was long awaited by people for IASB to make such changes. One of such change in the accounting of defined benefit plans is the recognition of changes in pension-related liabilities or assets to the immediate effect. Only Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) will include the actuarial profit or loss of an entity now. Previously there was another option of including such profit or loss in the income statement or making use of corridor approach by allowing deferred recognition of such profits and losses. This change can have a significant effect on the entities using the corridor approach by increasing the volatility in its balance sheets. The recent revision of IAS 19 reduces the complexity regarding the requirement of different accounting treatments to be followed in case of amendments in the plan or its curtailment. The accounting treatment of service costs in past whether it is vested or unvested is now aligned together. Costs related to defined benefit schemes are now required to be segregated into three different components, namely, service costs which should be presented in profit and loss statement, finance cost which includes the net interest of liability of defined benefit schemes and re-measurements that are to be included in OCI.